AMPK activation reduces hepatic lipid content by increasing fat oxidation in vivo. A series of pharmacognostical studies of this plant show that it is a herb, its stem and leaves are hairy, more over it has two types of stomata, anisocytic and paracytic. Such evident analgesic activity is cohesively attributed by flavonoids, volatile oils, alkaloids, polyphenols and organic acids by means of prevention of the formation of cyclooxygenase enzyme and prostaglandins, i.e., mediators of pain sensitization. and causes a person to lose concentration and feel lethargic. 9, 99102. The ethanolic extract of CP at dose 750 mg/Kg showed statistically significant analgesic activity as compared to the standard analgesics like, morphine sulphate, when tested in hot plate method and tail-flick assays in rats (Agarwal etal., 2014). Massaging the forehead and scalp with the oil relieves from stress and headache. In such a scenario, safer herbal alternative medicines play a vital role in managing the neurological etiologies. ,, vol. PT analyzed the information, generated the artwork, and co-wrote the manuscript. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Olakkaran, S., Antony, A. Carter, R. (2014). J. Pharm. CP effects on EPM activity has been found to be comparable to the standard of care drug, Piracetam (Rawat and Kothiyal, 2011; Kaushik, 2017). The chemotherapeutic moieties used currently for the treatment of neurological disorders face a daunting challenge of systemic delivery of the drugs to the central nervous system. Shankhpushpi Tablet/ Capsule (Gutika) 1 or 2 tablets for adults twice a day. Besides, role of C. prostratus extracts in neurodegeneration has been well demonstrated. Although these plants proved their scientific potential in central nervous system depression, anxiolytic, tranquillizing, antidepressant, antistress, neurodegenerative, antiamnesic, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, immunomodulatory, analgesic, antifungal, antibacterial, antidiabetic, antiulcer, anticatatonic, and cardiovascular activity. 30, 578582.
The name shankhpushpi was given to the plant owing to its shankh or conch shaped flowers.
(2018). Gogte, V. M. (2012). Control. (2002). Such anti-spasmodic action is linked to the inhibition of acetylcholine production which is mainly brought about by the specific alkaloid present in this CP herb, convolvine (Amin etal., 2014). J. Med. Other compounds such as proteins, gum and mucilages have been also reported in C. pluricaulis. National Library of Medicine Bihaqi, S. W., Sharma, M., Singh, A. P., Tiwari, M. (2009). The result was found due to augmentation of mucosal defensive factors like mucin secretion rather than acid pepsin. 2nd (Jaipur, India: Aavishkar Publishers). The juice of fresh whole plant of C. pluricaulis possessed anti-ulcerogenic effect and is comparable to sucralfate. This memory-boosting herb is a magical remedy for a host of psychotic diseases like epilepsy, dementia, Alzheimers as it prevents the destruction of neurons and improves cognitive functioning.
Shankhpushpi is a powerful Medhya Rasayana herb that is not only available in the market as a standalone herb but also in conjugation with other herbs. J. Kaushik, R. (2017). It is highly beneficial in treating mental issues, forgetfulness and poor concentration. Figure 1 (A) Neuro-mechanistic aspects of Convolvulus prostratus (CP). Well-known as morning-glory, speed wheel or Aloe weed in English, this medicinal herb has specific arrowhead-shaped leaves and bulb-shaped blue or white flowers.
India: iloveindia.com; 2013. Foundation Project: Supported by Institute of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, U.P, India (Grant No. doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.10.002, Pan, R., Dai, Y., Gao, X., Xia, Y. Supplementation of Convolvulus pluricaulis attenuates scopolamine-induced increased tau and Amyloid precursor protein (APP) expression in rat brain.
A. Eng.
Front. In India, an average of 65 people out of 1,000 inhabitants suffer from mental and behavioural disorders, wherein, maximum prevalence has been recorded for alcohol dependency afflicted mental disorders (~ 6% prevalence), child and adolescent behavioural disorders (~ 4.3% prevalence) and mood disorders (~ 1.6% prevalence). Chem. NGF-dependent neurons and neurobiology of emotions and feelings: Lessons from congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis. The LD50 of the whole extract of C. microphyllus by oral administration was found to be 1250 (1000-1400) mg/kg. Planta Med. The fundamental mechanism behind such evident anti-convulsing activity of CP might be the presence of coumarins and triterpenoids (Quintans Jnior etal., 2008). Also Read: Types of Insomnia: Heres What You Should Do To Sleep. Plant products as antimicrobial agents. It is a good source of literature survey for researchers who intended to do studies in this particular field, and use this plant. (2007). doi:10.1186/s12992-014-0081-9, Jain, R., Pancholi, B., Jain, S. C. (2011). In Indian medicinal system Ayurveda it is named as Shankhpushpi.
More specifically, a compound, namely, 29-oxodotriacontanol, isolated from the CP herb has also been assessed to possess antimicrobial and anti-fungal activity (Amin etal., 2014). It holds high significance in improving the memory capacity, enhancing concentration, learning capabilities, and treating mental fatigue, insomnia, anxiety, depression, etc. Nat. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Similarly, the iron oxide nanoparticles of the CP herb exhibited maximum tolerable dose up to 2,000 mg/Kg in Swiss albino mice with no clinical signs of toxicity. Nat.
). Med. B., Prasad, S., Reuter, S., Kannappan, R., R Yadav, V., Park, B., et al. Khare, C. P. (2004). Pharmacol. Indian J. Physiol. Also Read: Introduction To Ayurveda: Learn About Vata, Pitta And Kapha Doshas. Known as Aloe weed in English, the herb is commonly found in India, especially in the state of Bihar[9].
The ethanolic and chloroform extracts isolated from the aerial parts of CP showed significant anxiolytic activity as recorded using elevated plus maze test on experimental mice.
Nat.
Review on ethnomedicinal uses and phytopharmacology of memory boosting herb Convolvulus pluricaulis' Choisy. The digestive properties found in this traditional herb is found to be extremely beneficial in improving digestion. 4, 12411243. 48, 10391041. It has been used as a service tonic in conventional medications since ancient times.
168, 487503. (2015). Neurosci. doi:10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.5(6).2458-63, Aggarwal, B. The powerful combination of shankhpusphi and Brahmi in the syrup functions as an amazing brain stimulant.
In-Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Methanolic Extract of Convolvulus pluricaulis.
Shankhpushpi, which goes by the botanical name Convolvulus pluricaulis is a perennial plant native to India. Tseomashko, N. E., Terent'Eva, E. O., Kodirova, D. B., Okhunov, I. I., Aripova, S. F., Khashimova, Z. S., et al. This herb is considered safe for pregnant women as it effectively strengthens the uterus and prevents miscarriages. Known as Mangalyakushuma in Sanskrit which means bringer of good fortune and health, each and every part of this milky-white flowered plant is extremely beneficial for treating a host of ailments and improving the longevity of life. Chaudhary, R. D. (1996). Indian J. Pharmacol. Preliminary microscopical characters of ethanolic extracts of C. pluricaulis (leaves) are given in Table 3[13]. Pharmacological results have validated the use of this species in traditional medicine. 49, 12341242. The animals did not show any toxicity or behavioural changes up to the dose of 5,000 mg/Kg (Agarwal etal., 2014). Sultana, S., Ali, M., Mir, S. R., Iqbal, D. (2018). Physiol.
(2018). Technol. Taken together, C. prostratus is likely to be the front runner for the clinical phyto-pharmaceutical status for treatment of neurological ailments. Available at https://www.ijpp.com/IJPP%20archives/1965_9_2/99-102.pdf, Basu, N. K., Dandiya, P. C. (1948). Kaempferol ameliorates symptoms of metabolic syndrome by regulating activities of liver X receptor-.
Moreover, an alkaloid, namely, Sankhpuspine has also been isolated from this plant and is known as a chemotaxonomic marker for this species (Basu and Dandiya, 1948; Saroya and Singh, 2018).
In a study, Rawat and Kothiyal have also found that the aquo-methanolic, ethanolic and petroleum ether extracts isolated from CP (50400 mg/Kg) exhibited anxiolytic, memory-enhancing and nootropic activity as evaluated by using Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) and step-down models in mice. 32, 47444752.
Pharmacol. The syrup includes 6 species: C. pluricaulis, C. asiatica, Nardostachys jatamansi, Nepeia hindostana, Nepeia elliptica and Onosma brateatum[35]. Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Veterans Health Administration, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, United States. Apart from this, antioxidative nature also treats the various signs of aging like wrinkles, fine lines, dark spots, etc. 7) (New Delhi, India: Central Council for Research in Ayurveda & Siddha). Similar results have been observed in case of aluminium chloride induced neurotoxicity in rat cerebral cortex. Green Pharm. Bhalerao and co-workers have found that the chloroform fraction isolated from the CP ethanolic extract reversed the reserpine-induced extension of immobility period of mice in Forced Swim Test (FST), and elicited a significant antidepressant effect by interaction with adrenergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (Bhalerao etal., 2014). The scientific classification of C. pluricaulis is demonstrated as follows[8]: The vernacular names of C. pluricaulis is described as follows: C. pluricaulis is a perennial herb that seems like morning glory. These toxicological studies, therefore, confirmed that the administration of CP is safe for the vital organs within the respective treatment durations.
Database on medicinal plants used in Ayurveda (Vol. Several research teams across the globe have highlighted the neuro-pharmacological profile of C. prostratus, wherein, the neuroprotective, nootropic and neuro-modulatory roles have been described. Med. Dhingra, D., Valecha, R. (2007). Additionally, the fundamental principle responsible for the cardio-vascular activity of this herb has been proposed to be linked with it alkaloid derivative, evolvine hydrochloride, which is known to exhibit lobeline-like action on the cardiovascular system. doi:10.3390/ijms19092826, Forrest, M. D. (2014). Pharmacol. Preliminary pharmacological activities of ethanolic extracts of C. pluricaulis (leaves) are given in Table 4[14][29].
Neurol.
7, 10011022. Fatima A, Agrawal P, Singh PP. CP also acts as GABA-A agonists and binds to lateral prefrontal cortex (O) and anterior cingulate cortex (N). Careers, Institute of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi 284121, U.P, India. Available at https://www.pharmatutor.org/articles/development-high-performance-thin-layer-chromatography-method-for-determination-scopolin-convolvulus-pluricaulis-chois?page=1%2C1, Lopez, A. D., Murray, C. C. (1998). The phytochemical structures present in C. pluricaulis are given in Table 7[33],[34].
All these tend to h.. 8, 1114. Ultimately, the bioavailability of these drugs becomes low and therefore, lead to below- optimal efficacies (Tonda-Turo etal., 2018). This paper is a good review paper on Ayurvedic and pharmacological activities of C. pluricaulis. Clin. Evid. The polyphenols present in this species act as reactive oxygen species (ROS) quenchers, thereby ameliorating the oxidative stress that is generated as a diabetic manifestation.
The use of herbal medicines continues to escalate rapidly with about 70% of the world population still relying upon traditional medicines for their primary healthcare needs. Convolvulus prostratus Forssk., a nootropic herb used in traditional medicinal systems, is also frequently known by its taxonomic synonym Convolvulus pluricaulis. Carcinogenesis 22, 409414. Know. Chemical investigation of Convolvulus pluricaulis Chois. (2018). 23, 14. Multiple Bioactivities of Traditional Medicinal Herbs for Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. In the pharmaceutical industry, various extracts, syrups and tablets are produced, specifically for targeting neurodegenerative diseases, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and gastric ulcers. The syrup consists of the following 12 species: C. asiatica, C. pluricaulis, C. paniculatus, Eclipta alba, Cynodon dactylon, A. racemosus, Withania somnifera, Nardostachys jatamansi, A. calamus, Zingiber officinalis and Vetiveria zizanoides[35].
Its branches are spread on the ground and can be more than 30 cm long. Curr. J. Ayurvedic Med. In: Arnold Brossi., editor. A herb, C. pluricaulis has emerged as a good source of the traditional medicine for the treatment of liver disease, epileptic disease, microbial disease, cytotoxic and viral diseases, and CNS disease. Shankhpushpi is a traditional herbal remedy blessed with umpteen health benefits. Polyphenols, flavonoids and vitamin E present in the CP plant act as reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers and also ameliorate the lipid peroxidation, thereby attributing towards the anti-oxidant activity of CP (Nasri etal., 2015). It is used for treatment of hypertension, neurodegenerative diseases, ulcers, high blood pressure, epilepsy, vomiting, diabetes, sun stroke and bleeding. According to the ancient literature, this herb has been attributed with several therapeutic properties, such as anxiolytic, neuroprotective, antioxidant, analgesic, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic and cardioprotective activities. This category has the following 58 subcategories, out of 58 total. Aging Pathol.
These include Evolvulus alsinoides Linn, Clitoria ternatea Linn and Canscora decussata Schult.
Shankhpushpi oil is a herbal concoction that has numerous ingredients with powerful curative qualities. Farmacogn. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.11.024. Pharmacological and biochemical evidence for the antidepressant effect of the herbal preparation Trans-01. Figure 1 shows the profile of this plant, and the synonyms of this plant include C. pluricaulis and C. microphyllus[7]. BU/PHARM/2013/1003). Antioxidant plants and diabetes mellitus. It is used in Ayurvedic formulation for chronic cough, sleeplessness, epilepsy, hallucinations, anxiety etc. It balances the brain chemicals i.e. The bioactive constituents like the ethanolic extract reduce the levels of non-esterified fatty acids i.e. The sodium-potassium pump is an information processing element in brain computation. Katewa, S. S., Jain, A. Synthesis of convolinine and cytotoxic activity of alkaloids of the genus Convolvulus and their derivatives. Daniel, M. (2016). J. Pharm. It also exerted spasmolytic activity on smooth muscles[6]. doi:10.1096/fj.201701474RR. Appl. FOIA Biobehav. Medicinal significance, pharmacological activities, and analytical aspects of anthocyanidins delphinidin': A concise report. Nootropic herbs (Medhya Rasayana) in Ayurveda: an update. doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(01)00899-1, Foretz, M., Even, P., Viollet, B. It has also been observed that the ethyl acetate and methanolic extract of CP have shown appreciable results (IC50 ~ 0.07 mg/mL and 0.075 mg/mL, respectively), as observed in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay.
3, 8183. Similarly, in the cosmeceutical industry, the CP herb is used as a general tonic for rejuvenating the skin and hairs, thereby treating skin related ailments as well as keratogenic disorders. Many medicines are currently available in India, in which after mixing numerous plant extracts or powders with two or three Medhya plants including C. pluricaulis Ayurvedic formulation is developed[35].
PharmaTutor Mag. J. Phytol. (Kulkarni etal., 2012). J. Adv.
Consult your doctor on using a mixture of shankhpushpi and ashwagandha churna for a course of 3 to 4 months in case of frequent miscarriages. The indications of shankhpushpi syrup are the same as that of the herb itself.
Int. CP reduces the lesions formed in the hippocampus (A); and amyloid plaque accumulation in hippocampus (A), cortex (P), basal ganglia (M) and cerebellum (E).
(Syn. Front. Current Limitations in the Treatment of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's Diseases: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspective of Polymeric Carriers. Shankhpushpi Powder (Churna) - to teaspoon for adults twice a day. doi: 10.1128/CMR.12.4.564. Isolation and characterization of glycosides from Convolvulus prostratus, Ficus virens, Phoenix dactifera, Spondias mangifera and Terminalia belerica. Sci. Subramani, R., Anand, M., Muralidharan, P. (2013).
Shankhapushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis Choisy): Validation of the Ayurvedic therapeutic claims through contemporary studies. Based Complement. Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of -sitosterol. doi:10.2174/1874205X01408010011. There was increase in the time spent in open arms; and in the number of open arm entries upon the CP oral administration to mice at a dose of 200 mg/Kg (Bhalerao etal., 2014).
Medicinal plants: Utilization and conservation. All structured data from the file namespace is available under the. ,2018, 12.
Interestingly, the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the CP aerial parts showed statistical significant potentiation of sleeping time in rats induced with thiopental sodium (Siddiqui etal., 2014). Anticonvulsant activity of Shankhapuspi (Convolvulus pluricaulis Chois) on Strychnine induced seizure in experimental animals. Biol. But mostly it is used in the form of syrup. Available at https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/SCREENING-FOR-ANTIDEPRESSANT-LIKE-ACTIVITY-OF-IN-Dhingra-Valecha/51168240f3c88647a52ce21a54878606c61a7c66, Domnguez-Avila, J., Gonzlez-Aguilar, G., Alvarez-Parrilla, E., de la Rosa, L. (2016). Nat. Enzyme Inhib. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.01.013, Islam, S. M. S., Purnat, T. D., Phuong, N. T. A., Mwingira, U., Schacht, K., Frschl, G. (2014). Nanoparticle-mediated brain drug delivery: overcoming bloodbrain barrier to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
Neurological disorders constitute a significant proportion as the leading causes of death among all the other non-communicable diseases (Gourie-Devi, 2014). Res. A few examples of such marketed herbal pharmaceutical formulations include Patanjali Divya Shankhpushpi Churna, Divya Pharmacy Shankhpushpi Sharbat, Baidyanath Shankhpushpi Sharbat, Dabur Shankhpushpi Syrup, Biotrex Shankhpushpi, Maxmind capsule, Herbal Hills Shankhpushpi Tablets and many more (Bhowmik etal., 2012).
Get access to your Addresses, Orders, and Wishlist. The richness of curcum.. The neuroprotective elements in the plant prevent loss of memory and relieve tension from the brain. All of these stated medicinal utilities of C. prostratus (CP) have been attributed to various phytoconstituents, belonging to the chemical family of alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins and polyphenols.
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